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Sentence Definition With Examples

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Sentence And Its Types

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Definition:

A group of words that has a subject and predicate and give clear and complete sense is called a sentence.

Kinds of sentences

• Declarative/assertive sentence
• Optative sentence
• imperative sentence
• Interrogative sentence

Declarative sentence

Definition:

A sentence that makes a statement and ends with a full stop (.) is called a declarative sentence.

Kinds of declarative

• positive/simple/ affirmative sentence
• negative sentence
• emphatic sentence

Positive sentence

Definition:

A sentence that makes a simple statement is called a positive sentence.

Examples:

He is going to school.

وہ سکول جا رہا ہے۔

I can speak English.

میں انگریزی بول سکتا ہوں.

We must obey our elders.

ہمیں اپنے بزرگوں کی اطاعت کرنی چاہیے۔

Negative sentence

Definition:

A sentence that makes a negative statement is called a negative sentence.

Examples:

They are not playing.

وہ نہیں کھیل رہے ہیں۔

She should not help us.

اسے ہماری مدد نہیں کرنی چاہیے۔

He could not have killed him.

وہ اسے قتل نہیں کر سکتا تھا۔

Emphatic sentence

Definition:

A sentence that contains stress/emphasis is called an emphatic sentence.

Emphatic sentences are used in different places for different meanings.

Stress:

Examples:

( you ) do come tomorrow. (!)

کل آنا ہے۔ (آپ)

(you) do serve your parents. (!)

(تم) اپنے والدین کی خدمت کرو۔ (!)

(you) do bring your books. (!)

(آپ) اپنی کتابیں لے آئیں۔(!)

Optative sentence

Definition:

A sentence that contains a wish/ desire or a pray is called an optative sentence.

Pray

Formula:

May + sub + IV + (obj/comp) +!

Examples:

May you defeat them!

آپ انہیں شکست دیں!

May you reach there safe and sound!

آپ وہاں صحیح سلامت پہنچ جائیں!

May she pass the exam!

وہ امتحان پاس کرے!

Wish?/ desire کاش

Formula:

Would that /o that + sub + were + (a-an) + adj + noun + (.)( ! )

Examples:

What that/o that he was the Prime minister of Pakistan!(He is not).

کیا بات ہے کہ وہ پاکستان کا وزیراعظم تھا!(وہ نہیں ہے).

Would that/o that she was here!(She is not).

کاش وہ یہاں ہوتی!(وہ نہیں ہے).

Would that/o that Quetta was clean.(Quetta is not clean).

کاش کوئٹہ صاف ہوتا۔(کوئٹہ صاف نہیں ہے)۔

Formula:

Would that /o that + sub + II V + (a-an) + adj + (Comp) + (.)( ! )

Examples:

Would that/o that I knew her!(I don’t know her).

کیا میں اسے جانتا ہوں!(میں اسے نہیں جانتا)۔

Would that/o that I lived near the center! (I don’t live near the center).

کیا میں مرکز کے قریب رہتا ہوں!(میں مرکز کے قریب نہیں رہتا ہوں)۔

Would that/o that he didn’t waste his time! (he wastes his time).

کاش اس نے اپنا وقت ضائع نہ کیا!(وہ اپنا وقت ضائع کرتا ہے)۔

Formula:

I + + wish + sub + II V + obj + (Comp) + (.)( ! )

Examples:

I wish I lived near the center! (I don’t live near the center).

کاش میں مرکز کے قریب رہتا!(میں مرکز کے قریب نہیں رہتا ہوں)۔

I wish I knew her! (I don’t know her).

کاش میں اسے جانتا!(میں اسے نہیں جانتا)۔

I wish she studied in challenger! (she doesn’t study in challengers).

Imperative sentence

Definition:

A sentence that contains a command/ order, request, proposal/suggestion, offer, invitation, instruction, or advice is called an imperative sentence.

Pray

Formula:

Affirmative:                                     (sub) + IV + obj/com +

Negative :                                         ( you/ any noun) + don’t + IV + obj/com + .

Command/order

Examples:

Close the door.

دروازہ بند کرو.

Turn on the fan.

پنکھا آن کریں۔

Learn this lesson by heart.

یہ سبق دل سے سیکھیں۔

Negative:

شور مت کرو۔

Don’t sit here.

Don’t call him.

اسے نہ بلاؤ۔

Requests:

Please come here. ( no pause ).

براہِ کرم یہاں آئیں۔ (کوئی توقف نہیں)

Please, come here (  A small pause ).

براہ کرم، یہاں آئیں (ایک چھوٹا سا وقفہ)۔

Suggestions ? proposals:

Affirmative: let us + IV + obj/comp +

Examples :

Let us go to the Bazar.

چلو بازار چلتے ہیں۔

Let us sit here.

چلو یہاں بیٹھو۔

Let us help them.

آئیے ان کی مدد کریں۔

Interrogative sentence

Definition:

An interrogative sentence is one that asks a direct question and always ends with a question mark.
The term “interrogative sentence” is another name for a question.

Examples:

What are you doing?

یہ تم کیا کر رہے ہو؟

Where do you live?

آپ کہاں رہتے ہیں؟

What is the meaning of this?

اس کا کیا مطلب ہے؟

Which dramas do you like best?

آپ کو کون سے ڈرامے زیادہ پسند ہیں؟

Shall we ask Simon or Jonesy?

کیا ہم سائمن یا جونسی سے پوچھیں؟

Has anyone seen my torch?

کیا کسی نے میری ٹارچ دیکھی ہے؟

Sentence And Its Types PDF

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